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AWFUL EARTHQUAKES

Added on: 7th Aug 2015

 

TABRIZ, IRAN

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This took place near the city of Tabriz, Iran on April 26, 1721, and

destroyed prominent mosques and schools resulting in death

casualties of 8,000 to 250,000, though it was approximated at 80,000

only. Interpreted as an omen of misfortune or a demonstration of

divine wrath, it contributed to the success of the Ottoman take-over

of Tabriz in 1722 and on its economic difficulties, as well as the

destruction of the city’s significant historical monuments.

 

 

LISBON, PORTUGAL

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Known as the ‘Great Lisbon Earthquake,’ this event occurred on

November 1, 1755 in the Kingdom of Portugal. Seismologists

today estimate the Lisbon earthquake in the range of 8.5 to 9.0

on the moment magnitude scale that has a deadly combination of

subsequent fires and a tsunami. It totally destroyed Lisbon and its

surrounding areas with an estimated death toll of between 10,000

and 100,000 people. Because of its devastating effects over large

areas, this event resulted in the scientific studies of modern

seismology and earthquake engineering.

 

 

YUNGAY, PERU

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This Great Peruvian Earthquake was an undersea earthquake that

affected the regions of Ancash and La Libertad. It occurred in May

31, 1970 and was recorded as the worst catastrophic natural disaster

that hit Peru, which affected over 3 million people. It has a magnitude

of 7.9 to 8.0 on the Richter scale with an intensity of VIII on the

Mercalli scale, which lasted for 45 seconds. This caused the rock, ice,

and snow avalanche on the northern wall of Mount Huascaran burying

the towns of Yungay and Ranrahirca, which led to the death of

20,000 people in Yungay alone. The damages incurred tallied to 74,194

deaths, 25,600 missing, 143,331 injured, and more than a million homeless.

The estimated economic loss was more than half a billion USD with

the entire communication system and basic facilities destroyed.

 

 

SICILY, ITALY

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On January 11, 1693, a powerful earthquake with a magnitude of 7.4

and maximum intensity of XI or ‘extreme’ had struck the parts of

Sicily, Calabria, and Matta in southern Italy. Considered the most

powerful in Italian history, it destroyed at least 70 towns and cities

causing the death of 60,000 people. It was also followed by a tsunami

that hit the Ionian Sea and the Straits of Messina, wiping out two-thirds

of the entire population of Catania.

 

 

CALABRIA, ITALY

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The Calabrian earthquakes were a series of five strong seismic

activities that hit the region of Calabria in southern Italy from February

5 to 7, and on March 1 and 28 of the year 1783, where the first two

resulted in significant tsunamis. It has an estimated magnitude

on the Richter scale of 5.9 or greater, and caused fatalities that range from

32,000 to 50,000 over a period of two months. The estimated

magnitude on February 5 was 7.9, which destroyed 180 villages and

has a death toll of 25,000; while the February 6 quake brought a

magnitude of 6.2 with tsunami reaching 200 meters inland causing

the death of 1,500 people. The succeeding events were of similar

magnitude and destroyed countless lives and properties as well.

 

 

RUDBAR, IRAN

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This disastrous event happened on June 21, 1990 and caused

widespread damage within 100 kilometres of the epicentre’s radius

near the city of Rashi, and about 200 kilometres north west of

Tehran. It destroyed 700 villages across the cities of Rudbar, Manjiil and

Lushan and cost $200,000,000 in damages, including 40,000 fatalities,

60,000 injured and 500,000 people homeless.

 

 

IZMIT, TURKEY

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This was a 7.9-magnitude earthquake that struck northern Turkey on

August 17, 1990, which lasted for only 3.7 seconds. The city of

Izmit was very badly damaged and had a death toll of 17,127 and

43, 959 injured though other sources suggested that the actual figure

for fatalities may be closer to 45,000 with a similar number of injured.

Another report from September 1999 showed that the earthquake

had destroyed 120,000 poorly-engineered houses, heavily damaged

50,000 houses; caused 2,000 buildings to collapse while 4,000 other

buildings were left severely damaged it made more than

300,000 people homeless.

 

 

NANKAIDO, JAPAN

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This 8.6 magnitude earthquake that occurred on September 20, 1498,

off the coast of Nankia, Japan, triggered a large tsunami, which cost

the lives of between 26,000 and 31,000 people. It caused severe

shaking that reached the Boso Peninsula and also caused a tsunami

in the Suruga Bay, which destroyed the building that housed the

statue of the Great Buddha at Kotuku-in.

 


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